希腊研究称地中海式饮食似乎可延年益寿

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希腊研究人员称，吃地中海式饮食不但有助维持健康，似乎还能延年益寿。

在一项针对近7.5万60岁以上欧洲人的研究中，以大量蔬果、豆类、谷类、鱼类和橄榄油为基础的饮食，与较长的平均寿命有关。

雅典大学的Dimitrios Trichopoulos教授在访问中说：「坚持地中海式饮食降低死亡率。地中海沿岸国家有种特殊型态的饮食，似乎能延年益寿。」

该种饮食在避免心脏病、某些癌症和其他疾病上，文献上明证不少；不过发表在《英国医学期刊》(British Medical Journal)的研究结果，则是首先表明或可延长寿命的报告之一。

地中海式饮食究竟能延长多少寿命要视个人年龄而定。根据研究人员，一名遵照这类饮食的60岁男子，预期年龄或能比吃其他种饮食的类似年龄者长一年。「平均寿命增加一年是相当大的成就，」Trichopoulos说。他还补充表示较年轻的人可能受惠更大。

地中海式饮食何以能够降低死亡率并不清楚，但Trichopoulos说，这种饮食富含维生素A和C等抗氧化剂，可抵消自由基造成的细胞损害。

这类饮食包括减少饱和脂肪、肉类和乳制品等的摄取；Trichopoulos认为这或能控制血脂肪含量。「这类饮食似乎能对心血管疾病和癌症死亡率发生作用，」他说。

而饮食与死亡率间的关连似乎在希腊和西班牙最为显著。研究人员说，这两个国家遵循的是纯正地中海式饮食。

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放弃地中海饮食 欧洲胖子变多了

很多人认为地中海地区人民的饮食方式才是保持健康、长寿之道，但身处这个「欧洲阳光带」的人事实上已逐渐放弃这种饮食，并因此开始发胖。

从希腊到西班牙，欧洲南部民众体重增加的速度要来的比欧洲北部快，尤其是年轻一辈。因而，他们也变得跟美国、英国及欧洲大陆这些速食文化流行的地区民众一样，开始罹患心脏冠状动脉及其他相关疾病。

位于马赛的法国国家医学研究机构营养部主任莱朗说：「由于城市规模的扩大及全球化影响，情况变得越来越糟糕。如果我们不赶紧设法的话，地中海型饮食方式很快会变成民俗的一部分，只有观光客才会吃。」

上星期发布的一项研究报告指出，六十岁的民众如果采地中海饮食方式，要比采其他饮食方式的同年龄民众平均多活一年。不过，在尼斯市一所大医院任职的玛蕾医生表示：「以往，这一带年轻人体态肥胖的情况并不普遍。现在，四处都看得到胖子。普罗旺斯地区情况更严重，每四个孩童就有一个过重，每六个就有一个真正大胖子。」

虽然平均而言，法国人还是全欧最瘦的，不过从一九九七年到二○○三年这六年当中，堪称胖子的人口比例还是增加了四五％，其中仍以普罗旺斯情况最严重，当地民众有多达一一％过胖。


Ooh la lard! Now even the French are getting fatter
From Charles Bremner in Paris


  




THE rest of the world may be trying to embrace the Mediterranean diet as the key to long life, but the people of Europe’s sunshine belt are abandoning it — and growing fat fast.

From Greece to Spain, the young, in particular, are putting on weight faster than in the north, acquiring the coronary and other ailments that afflict the fast-food cultures that have spread from the United States to Britain and the Continent.

“Things are getting worse with the growth of cities and globalisation,” Denis Lairon, director of the nutrition unit at Inserm, the national medical research institute, in Marseilles, said. “Soon the Mediterranean diet will just be part of culinary folklore, reserved for tourists. If we don’t do something, we are heading for ruin.”

Last week a study concluded that people aged 60 who stick to a Mediterranean diet can expect to live a year longer on average than their peers. Yet at the main city hospital in Nice, capital of the Côte d’Azur, Kathy Wagner Mahler, a paediatrician, said: “Obesity among the young used to be practically unknown here, but now it has become common. In the Provence area, one child in four is overweight and one in six is truly obese.”

While France remains one of the “thinnest” nations in Europe, obesity leapt by 45 per cent over six years to 2003, reaching 11 per cent of the population in the Provence region.

Nice Matin a Riviera newspaper, said that the spread of fast food and sedentary habits meant that the “Mediterranean recipe for health is being relegated to the status of food from an earlier era”.

This will come as a surprise to readers of a recent slew of diet books celebrating the svelte French figure, of which French Women Don’t Get Fat, by Mireille Guiliano, and the Chic and Slim series of books, by Anne Barone, are the best-known. The authors say that Gallic women eat mountains of butter, cheese, pâté and wine, yet have fewer weight problems because they shun fast food, use fresh, unprocessed ingredients and eat slowly.

The weight statistics are similar in Spain and Portugal and to a lesser extent in Italy. Greece is suffering the worst. Greek obesity rates are at a level with those of Britain and Belgium, among Europe’s highest.

In Marseilles, Dr Lairon said too many people think that all they had to do was drench their food in olive oil.

Dr Lairon said: “Cooking with olive oil is not enough. The Mediterranean diet is a combination of things — fish, cereals that are not highly refined, dry vegetables that are rarely eaten any more and oil sources like walnuts and almonds, which have been replaced by aperitif gimmicks grilled in oil and too heavily salted, like peanuts.”

麦香奶茶

是这样的！！！
所以现在我打算多吃蔬菜和海鲜类的，肉类就不吃那么多了。
吃多了容易牙疼，也容易长胖。