常言道人心难测,不过有科学家近日成功研发出可看穿别人心思的技术。他们利用脑部扫描器读取别人的大脑讯息,从而预测其下一步行动;这一技术日后或会对防止罪案大有帮助;但亦有人担心有关技术会被滥用,日后世人随时会像日本电影《被偷听的人》的男主角一样,心意完全被人知晓,毫无私隐。4 }1 A. `2 ~* r( s7 v" r6 Q
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德国科学家海恩斯联同伦敦大学学院及牛津大学的神经病学专家进行研究,他们找来八男女参与计算测试,八人被告知荧幕上将出现两个数字,他们须决定将两数字加或减。在思考决定期间,他们接受高解像度扫描器扫描脑部,研究人员然后用专门发现脑部活动微妙差异的软件预言试验者的意向,结果发现预测的准确度达七成。# b6 f+ t8 |: i
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这是科学界首次成功利用有关技术窥探人类思维,率领研究的海恩斯表示,透过脑部扫描器可察看大脑讯息,确定脑部的活动模式,从而分析出目标人物的心意,海恩斯形容这种新技术“就像手持电筒照射墙上的文字一样”。 3 G* Y7 n7 C! m S' d0 \5 K6 V) g% r% W& F% g5 @; Z
海恩斯期望有关技术可在不久将来应用在预防罪案甚或恐怖袭击上,若发展顺利,未来的世界可能会进入一个像科幻电影《未来报告》的时代,政府透过读取目标人物的脑部思想,在罪案发生前先采取行动,把即将犯案的人士逮捕。 ' \2 i# r$ s! S* U% }7 o4 O% o7 f1 x' }/ q0 A6 t& r) J& e6 X
海恩斯指有关科技日后亦可应用在残疾人士的日常生活上,他们可利用具有扫描大脑功能的电脑,单靠脑中所想便可写电邮、上网甚至处理文件;这种技术亦可配合轮椅及义肢使用。每样东西有正面亦有反面,有医学界人士提出质疑:“我们是否希望未来变成一个像《未来报告》的社会,去预防一些可能不会发生的罪案呢?”有关技术亦牵涉一连串的道德争论,有人或会滥用新技术侦测思想,从而达到控制他人的目的。 : [, J6 S. ~7 D
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6 [4 C, o7 J' o; ^5 MThe brain scan that can read people's intentions 6 X. j/ u. M+ U: Y! { 3 m6 J) q* L9 L7 ] J& J3 l6 ~' n' jCall for ethical debate over possible use of new technology in interrogation . K. l5 c; z& o/ M6 O" uA team of world-leading neuroscientists has developed a powerful technique that allows them to look deep inside a person's brain and read their intentions before they act. 5 s' z: h* X2 P1 ?) n- o9 Y, BThe research breaks controversial new ground in scientists' ability to probe people's minds and eavesdrop on their thoughts, and raises serious ethical issues over how brain-reading technology may be used in the future.6 q2 k9 U* b/ F* N3 H
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The team used high-resolution brain scans to identify patterns of activity before translating them into meaningful thoughts, revealing what a person planned to do in the near future. It is the first time scientists have succeeded in reading intentions in this way. : G( q7 ]+ `2 F( n: T6 p3 h* K: D
"Using the scanner, we could look around the brain for this information and read out something that from the outside there's no way you could possibly tell is in there. It's like shining a torch around, looking for writing on a wall," said John-Dylan Haynes at the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences in Germany, who led the study with colleagues at University College London and Oxford University.